Comparative study of Green/Chemical synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Antibacterial and Anticancer Activity

Abstract

In the past, nanotechnology has made major advances, and it is still one of the primary methods for producing materials with intended properties. By using nanotechnology for the manufacture of metal oxides, novel materials with distinct properties in nanoscale sizes have been made possible. As one of the recent classes of substances used in the pharmaceutical industry and other fields, metal oxide nanoparticles are becoming more and more significant. The ZnO nanoparticles are presently the subject of extensive research with special emphasis on their therapeutic uses because of their biocompatibility and non-hazardous nature; they play a positive role in biological functioning, according to the analysis presented in this review. As the review assembled the various review articles from a variety of additional resources. According to the research, compared to physical and chemical synthesis methods, the green route is comparatively advantageous and harmless to the environment to produce NPs to meet the increased demand for them. Intriguingly, the natural synthesis methods are appropriate due to their many health, medical, and financial benefits. Due to the strong ability of zinc oxide NPs to produce excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), discharge Zn ions, and cause cellular death, ZnO NPs have shown immense potential in biomedicine, particularly in the areas of anticancer, antiviral, and antibacterial fields. Zinc is also renowned for maintaining the structural integrity of insulin as well; so, it is also been successfully developed as a diabetic medication agent. As a result, the nanoparticles of zinc oxide have also shown promise as a useful tool for sensing perspective and medication delivery. There is currently also a need to search for other options that have both financial and environmental benefits.